Invest
Net federal debt hits $592bn
Australia’s net federal debt came in at $592.2 billion, about 28.6 per cent of the country’s gross domestic product.
Net federal debt hits $592bn
Australia’s net federal debt came in at $592.2 billion, about 28.6 per cent of the country’s gross domestic product.
The budget deficit in the 2021 financial year is $80 million better than expected, sitting at $134.2 billion, Treasurer Josh Frydenberg said on Thursday.
The underlying cash deficit compares with a forecast deficit of $213.7 billion at the time of the 2020–21 budget, and a forecast deficit of $161.0 billion at the time of the 2021–22 budget, the Treasurer said at a press briefing.
The better-than-expected figures, he said, are a direct result of less people on welfare and more people in work.
“Since May of last year, more than 1 million new jobs have been created, and the unemployment rate has fallen below 5 per cent for the first time in a decade,” the Treasurer said.

Net debt, too, was lower than projected at $592.2 billion (28.6 per cent of GDP) at the end of 2020–21 — $25.3 billion below the sum forecast at the time of the 2021–22 budget and $111.0 billion less than what was originally estimated in the 2020–21 budget.
“This primarily reflects the decreased borrowing requirement due to the improvement in the underlying cash balance stemming from the stronger-than-expected economic recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic,” the Treasurer said.
“Despite our increased debt levels, they remain lower than many comparable nations, with the average of gross debt to GDP ratios for G7 economies being above 100 per cent of GDP.”
According to Mr Frydenberg, severe economic contraction was avoided as a result of the $311 billion in economic and health support to Australian households and businesses, which was made possible by the country’s strong fiscal position going into the pandemic.
He continued: “Having maintained our AAA credit rating from the three leading credit agencies, the government’s effective fiscal management of the pandemic has meant that Australia’s downturn in 2020 was less severe than the majority of other OECD countries.
“This has ensured the economy is in a position to bounce back rapidly from current economic headwinds.
“This puts Australia on a more sustainable fiscal trajectory, particularly as we move closer to our nationally agreed targets of 70 to 80 per cent vaccination rates, which underpin the safe reopening of our economy.”
About the author
About the author
Economy
Australia’s spending surprise raises the odds of a February rate move — here’s how to protect margin and momentum
Household outlays are running hotter than economists expected, with the latest ABS readings showing broad-based gains across services and goods. That resilience is exactly the kind of demand impulse ...Read more
Economy
Australia’s inflation cools to 3.4% — why the RBA’s next move still isn’t a lay‑up for business
Headline inflation easing is good optics; balance sheets feel something different. With year‑on‑year CPI down to 3.4% in November from 3.8%, hopes for rate relief are rising — but policymakers remain ...Read more
Economy
Inflation cools to 3.4% — but the RBA’s reaction function keeps businesses on a knife-edge
Australia’s headline CPI edged down to 3.4% year-on-year in November, from 3.8%, easing immediate pressure but not eliminating the risk of further tightening. With services inflation sticky and ...Read more
Economy
Higher-for-longer, not higher forever: How Australia’s inflation ‘surprise’ is rewriting CFO playbooks for 2026
Australia’s latest inflation pulse eased but didn’t budge bank outlooks: near‑term rate cuts are still a long shot, with some houses flagging upside risk. That steadier‑for‑longer cash rate is pushing ...Read more
Economy
Australia's inflation illusion: the real challenge lies in pricing power and productivity
Headline inflation has cooled to 3.4% year-on-year, but the Reserve Bank’s caution—and a still‑hot housing backdrop—mean the rate threat hasn’t left the room. For boards, the next few quarters are ...Read more
Economy
When house prices lift, tills ring: A case study in turning Australia’s wealth effect into growth
Australia’s latest upswing in household wealth, anchored by higher dwelling values, is more than a feel‑good statistic—it is a profit and planning signal. The ABS notes property’s centrality to ...Read more
Economy
RBA's hawkish stance reflects inflation concerns, State Street economist comments
In a recent statement, the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) has signaled a hawkish stance on interest rates, drawing insights from financial experts about the implications for Australia's economic ...Read more
Economy
Navigating the inflation maze: How CFOs can outsmart economic hurdles in Australia
Fresh inflation data have cooled expectations of near-term rate cuts in Australia, intensifying pressure on margins, capital allocation and demand. Rather than wait for monetary relief that may not ...Read more
Economy
Australia’s spending surprise raises the odds of a February rate move — here’s how to protect margin and momentum
Household outlays are running hotter than economists expected, with the latest ABS readings showing broad-based gains across services and goods. That resilience is exactly the kind of demand impulse ...Read more
Economy
Australia’s inflation cools to 3.4% — why the RBA’s next move still isn’t a lay‑up for business
Headline inflation easing is good optics; balance sheets feel something different. With year‑on‑year CPI down to 3.4% in November from 3.8%, hopes for rate relief are rising — but policymakers remain ...Read more
Economy
Inflation cools to 3.4% — but the RBA’s reaction function keeps businesses on a knife-edge
Australia’s headline CPI edged down to 3.4% year-on-year in November, from 3.8%, easing immediate pressure but not eliminating the risk of further tightening. With services inflation sticky and ...Read more
Economy
Higher-for-longer, not higher forever: How Australia’s inflation ‘surprise’ is rewriting CFO playbooks for 2026
Australia’s latest inflation pulse eased but didn’t budge bank outlooks: near‑term rate cuts are still a long shot, with some houses flagging upside risk. That steadier‑for‑longer cash rate is pushing ...Read more
Economy
Australia's inflation illusion: the real challenge lies in pricing power and productivity
Headline inflation has cooled to 3.4% year-on-year, but the Reserve Bank’s caution—and a still‑hot housing backdrop—mean the rate threat hasn’t left the room. For boards, the next few quarters are ...Read more
Economy
When house prices lift, tills ring: A case study in turning Australia’s wealth effect into growth
Australia’s latest upswing in household wealth, anchored by higher dwelling values, is more than a feel‑good statistic—it is a profit and planning signal. The ABS notes property’s centrality to ...Read more
Economy
RBA's hawkish stance reflects inflation concerns, State Street economist comments
In a recent statement, the Reserve Bank of Australia (RBA) has signaled a hawkish stance on interest rates, drawing insights from financial experts about the implications for Australia's economic ...Read more
Economy
Navigating the inflation maze: How CFOs can outsmart economic hurdles in Australia
Fresh inflation data have cooled expectations of near-term rate cuts in Australia, intensifying pressure on margins, capital allocation and demand. Rather than wait for monetary relief that may not ...Read more
