Bonds

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The first bond to be created, transferred and managed through its life cycle using blockchain technology has received a new funding boost.

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In a bid to increase its liquidity of the blockchain bond and broaden market participation, the World Bank has raised an additional $50 million for its kangaroo bond due August 2020.

The announcement came after Commonwealth Bank of Australia (CBA) and the World Bank, with TD Securities (TD) acting as a market maker, added additional capability to the platform by enabling secondary bond trading recorded on blockchain, making this “the first bond whose issuance and trading are recorded using distributed ledger technology”, it’s been reported. 

According to a statement, the successful tap expands market participation for the product, with the Bond-i platform combining three joint lead managers, CBA, RBC Capital Markets (RBC) and TD.

It also brings together new market participants, including an offshore investor, and the existing investor community, including ongoing support and input from TCorp, the NSW Treasury Corporation.

The new issuance “builds on the success of the platform”, taking the total capital raised for the blockchain project to $160 million, after an initial $110 million raise by the World Bank and CBA, derived from two-year bonds back in 2018.

It will reportedly further enable capital markets to leverage distributed ledger technologies for faster, more efficient and more secure transactions.

Commenting on the fundraising efforts, World Bank’s head of funding, Andrea Dore, said, “We are happy to see the continued, strong support and collaboration from investors and partners.”

“The World Bank’s innovation and experience in the capital markets is key to working with our member countries to increase digitisation to boost productivity in their economies and accelerate progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals,” she continued.

According to Sophie Gilder, the head of blockchain and AI at CBA, the bank “now has tangible evidence from our first bond offering using blockchain technology and subsequent bond management, secondary trading and tap issue via the same platform, that blockchain technology can deliver a new level of efficiency, transparency and risk management capability versus the existing market infrastructure”.

She said the bank’s next intention will be to deliver “additional functionality to deliver greater efficiencies in settlement, custody and regulatory compliance”.

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The first bond to be created, transferred and managed through its life cycle using blockchain technology has received a new funding boost.

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With interest rates expected to move lower in 2019 and a growing number of Australians joining the active retirement base each day, the hunt for investment-led income will become more pressing, a strategist has said. 

" ["fulltext"]=> string(2951) "

Raf Choudhury, a senior investment strategist with State Street Global Advisors, has highlighted that traditional assets are no longer delivering returns due to a tough investment climate.

Just seven months ago, most expectations were that, given global synchronised growth, central banks were more likely to be raising rates at this point in time of 2019, the strategist outlined.

“However, more moderate growth in 2019, along with a continued lack of inflation (globally), has led to a change in expectations,” Mr Choudhury said.  

He noted this as being reflected in the consecutive cash rate cuts – to a historically low 1.00 per cent in early July. 

As a result of a lower for longer environment, traditional assets that an investor could once turn to are no longer delivering the income or yield that they used to, with Mr Choudhury giving the example of a term deposit. 

He also flagged a compression in yields for Australian bonds “being broadly in line with the cash rate”, with the current yield on 10-year Australian government bonds sitting at 1.5 per cent as of 3 June 2019.

For Mr Choudhury, this is another indication that cash rates are still in decline.

As a result, the strategist urged investors using their investments as an income source to reconsider how they may best position their portfolio to drive income when traditional assets are not able to deliver the returns they once did. 

Some solutions for investors 

Investors looking to balance risks associated with reaching further down the risk spectrum in their “search for yield” are now looking for multi-asset solutions, Mr Choudhury said.

Mr Choudhury said that investors with the willingness to take on some additional risk could find high dividend yield equities a good source of income, since dividend yields have historically remained relatively stable.

“These exposures can be blended with corporate bonds (a relatively defensive investment) and government bonds and cash to help generate a meaningful income yield while moderating the overall level of risk,” he explained.  

[email protected]

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Yes

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With interest rates expected to move lower in 2019 and a growing number of Australians joining the active retirement base each day, the hunt for investment-led income will become more pressing, a strategist has said. 

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The government has announced changes to the deeming rates, which impact how means and income testing is conducted.

" ["fulltext"]=> string(5185) "

The federal government uses deeming to work out what the income created from the financial assets of a set of taxpayers would be. It is a broad figure and assumes assets earn a set rate of income, irrespective of actual earnings. 

Treasurer Josh Frydenberg has announced cuts to the deeming rates for large investments from 3.25 per cent to 3 per cent and 1.75 per cent to 1 per cent for smaller investors. These will be backdated to 1 July.

In effect, this means the government will be assuming earnings are lower than what they are currently, which lowers the expected and means tested income of a taxpayer. 

Is it enough?

Speaking with nestegg, senior vice president and chief investment officer for La Trobe Financial, Chris Andrews, believes the changing in deeming rates do not go far enough as the cash rate continues to fall.  

“The changing deeming rates is an interesting one. It’s certainly well and truly overdue; the old deeming rates were wildly inappropriate and arguably the new proposed deeming rates are still not quite as generous as they should be for investors,” said Mr Andrews. 

Finding the floor

Deeming is designed to be the floor for risk-free investments, and for Mr Andrews, the latest cut doesn’t go far enough in achieving this. 

“If the deeming rate is meant to be equivalent to the risk-free return or nearly to risk-free return, it’s hard to justify at 3 per cent. What are investors really getting for their cash? They are getting more like 2 if they have it deployed efficiently, and so that’s a real net cost for pensioners,” said Mr Andrews.

“If I look at the yield report best term deposit rate, you don’t get a 3 per cent return until you’re out at five years,” continued Mr Andrews.

Old school favourites

Mr Andrews believes that if investors are getting less than the deeming rate as a return on investment, they are not investing adequately.

“Our advice always to investors is if you’re caught up by deeming rate, what it means is you are not deploying your funds, your investable cash, your nest egg as efficiently and effective as you should, and there’s a cost of that in your investor portfolio,” said Mr Andrews.

According to Mr Andrews, many of the traditional investor favourite strategies – which are often centred on deeming considerations – are facing headwinds in the current environment. For example: 

Cash: Mr Andrews believes that a current cash-based strategy does not provide a high enough yield for investors. “The hunt for yield is going to continue; they need to look at alternative sources for income.” 

This has been reaffirmed by Canstar’s financial expert, Steve Mickenbecker, who stated: “NZ cut the base rate on its Online Saver by 0.15 [of a percentage point] to a new rate of 0.15 per cent, while NAB has cut the base rate on its iSaver account by 0.19 [of a percentage point] to a low of 0.11 per cent. The base rate is all that is left after the three, four or five-month introductory promo rate expires.”

Bonds: “When it comes to bonds, you’re running interest rate risk and the same yield compression issues with term deposits,” said Mr Andrews.

The current trading price for an Australian 10-year bond is just 1.412 per cent yield as the central bank rates fall to 1 per cent.

Hybrids: While hybrid securities might provide the financial return investors are looking for, it provides a leave of complexity that is hard for the average investor.  

“If you think about bonds and hybrids, hybrids for retail investors, for my mind, they are complex financial structures and I do query whether investors should be investing in those unadvised,” continued Mr Andrews.

Annuities: “Again, affected by exceptionally low interest rates, annuities in this day and age are very difficult to justify given the low effective returns,” said Mr Andrews.

ASIC has previously stated that one of the main drawbacks to annuities is over the long term an annuity may pay less than a market-linked investment. 

[email protected]

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The government has announced changes to the deeming rates, which impact how means and income testing is conducted.

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["label"]=> string(14) "Embedded Video" ["description"]=> string(0) "" ["required"]=> string(1) "0" ["language_title"]=> NULL ["language_image"]=> NULL ["editor"]=> NULL ["access_level"]=> string(6) "Public" ["author_name"]=> string(18) "Jeremiah Sebastian" ["group_title"]=> string(22) "Summary points + video" ["group_access"]=> string(1) "1" ["group_state"]=> string(1) "1" ["group_note"]=> string(0) "" ["value"]=> string(0) "" ["rawvalue"]=> string(0) "" } } ["link"]=> string(101) "/invest-money/bonds/older-australians-are-set-to-get-a-cash-break-but-some-are-saying-it-s-not-enough" ["image"]=> string(46) "images/article-826x550/ChrisAndrew-LaTrobe.jpg" ["image_alt"]=> string(13) "Chris Andrews" } [3]=> object(stdClass)#7543 (56) { ["id"]=> string(5) "12548" ["title"]=> string(63) "Major bank teams up with World Bank for sustainable bond offer " ["alias"]=> string(42) "major-bank-teams-up-sustainable-bond-offer" ["introtext"]=> string(177) "

A big four bank has partnered with the World Bank to launch a new sustainable bond that will allow investors to invest in a number of social and environmental projects.

" ["fulltext"]=> string(1881) "

Westpac has announced its partnership with the World Bank and BNP Paribas to launch the first Sustainable Growth Bonds.

The offer provides Westpac Group customers the chance to support the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through investing in bonds that raise funding to finance supporting projects. Investors will benefit from the performance of companies included in the equity index.

The 17 SDGs of the UN include eliminating poverty and hunger; promoting good health, wellbeing and education; striving for gender equality; providing clean water and sanitation; offering affordable and clean energy; supplying quality jobs that inspire economic growth; investing in sustainable infrastructure; actively reducing inequalities; promoting sustainable cities and responsible production and consumption; implementing climate action; caring for oceans and forests; preventing deforestation and loss of biodiversity; and fighting for peace and justice.

The bonds' returns are dependent on an index that monitors the stock performance of companies advancing these goals.

The Solactive Sustainable Development Goals World MV Index includes 30 companies that each allocate at least one-fifth of their activities to sustainable products or, alternatively, are recognised as leaders in their industries for social or environmental sustainability.

Interested investors must input a minimum investment of $100,000, with BNP Paribas organising the bonds as part of the World Bank’s ‘SDGs Everyone’ initiative.

The World Bank will issue the bonds in Australian dollars, adding to the over US$1.5 billion in bonds issued to institutional and retail investors under the initiative.

The bonds will be offered exclusively to Westpac Private Bank, St George Private and Bank of Melbourne Private customers.

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Learn the best strategies in investing and options like cryptocurrency, bonds, mutual funds, property and stock market." ["secure"]=> int(0) ["page_description"]=> string(7) "nestegg" ["page_rights"]=> NULL ["robots"]=> NULL ["access-view"]=> bool(true) } ["initialized":protected]=> bool(true) ["separator"]=> string(1) "." } ["displayDate"]=> string(19) "2018-11-13 05:48:09" ["slug"]=> string(48) "12548:major-bank-teams-up-sustainable-bond-offer" ["parent_slug"]=> string(16) "284:invest-money" ["catslug"]=> string(9) "287:bonds" ["event"]=> object(stdClass)#7889 (3) { ["afterDisplayTitle"]=> string(0) "" ["beforeDisplayContent"]=> string(129) "

Yes

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A big four bank has partnered with the World Bank to launch a new sustainable bond that will allow investors to invest in a number of social and environmental projects.

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Bond laddering is a strategy that could potentially increase the returns from fixed-income investments while also minimising exposure to interest rate risk. 

" ["fulltext"]=> string(4036) "

The bond ladder strategy involves investing in several bonds with varying maturities in an investor’s portfolio. By spreading out fixed-income assets along the interest rate curve, the strategy decreases the losses brought about by interest rate drops and surges due to market movements.

Advantages of bond laddering

The example above is only one example of the advantages of bond laddering. 

Investors also favour bond laddering because of the following reasons:

1. The strategy tends to decrease exposure to interest rate risk.
2. It keeps a portion of their investment liquid due to the varying maturities of their selected bonds.

Decreases exposure to interest rate risk
The cyclical nature of the economy and investment market makes experiencing market swings inevitable. Interest rates can suddenly surge or drop, forcing bond issuers to call the bond or issue a new one with better rates.

Investors can thus lose the opportunity to earn more from a bond with better rates or end up without an investment if the bond is callable.

The laddering strategy ensures that even if the investor incurs loss from one bond, the stable bonds remain intact and they continue to receive regular income.

Retains liquidity to a portion of the bond portfolio
Because a long-term fixed-income investment is locked away, the only liquid portion of the investor’s money is in the form of interest payouts. Depending on the value of their principal investment, their coupon payments may not amount to much.

However, the bond laddering strategy periodically releases a larger portion of their principal investment with every bond that matures.

For instance, an investor may equally invest $4,000 in five different bonds that mature in one, three, five, 10 and 20 years – for a total of $20,000. With each bond that matures, the investor would gain access to $4,000 plus the interest payments.

Disadvantages of bond laddering

No strategy is completely flawless. There are some bond laddering strategy disadvantages that may prompt investors to reconsider executing the strategy on their own.

These disadvantages include, but are not limited to:

• Unfavourable prices
• Limited diversification
• Limited liquidity
• Increased impact in case of default

Unfavourable prices
Compared to institutional and high-net-worth investors, individual investors rarely have the financial capacity to purchase a significant number of bonds. Because of this, individuals don’t usually have access to more favourable or discounted bond prices.

Limited diversification
Some high-value bonds also require a larger sum of money to access. Having a smaller sum of money compared to institutional investors means independent investors have access to a limited number and types of bonds.

Limited liquidity
One of the selling points of the bond laddering strategy is better liquidity. However, investors still need to wait until each bond matures to access their principal investment or sell the bond at a loss if they have a great need for the money.

Increased impact in case of default
Since an individual investor’s bond ladder portfolio tends to be less diversified, a default from any of the included assets may have a bigger impact to their overall portfolio.

For instance, an investor may build a $20,000 bond portfolio composed of five different bonds valued at $4,000 each. If any of their bonds default, they effectively lose 20 per cent of their portfolio.

Consult a professional before executing an investment strategy

Independent investing can be empowering and exciting, but it is still best to consult a licensed professional before executing more advanced investment strategies.

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Bond laddering is a strategy that could potentially increase the returns from fixed-income investments while also minimising exposure to interest rate risk. 

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Bond laddering is a fixed income investment strategy that allows investors to decrease their exposure to interest rate risk over the long term.

" ["fulltext"]=> string(4993) "

Investors and fund managers usually employ the bond laddering strategy to spread out their risk when interest rates fluctuate, or simply as a defensive measure in case some of their selected bonds present a higher risk of defaulting.

Some investors also favour the bond laddering strategy because it retains the liquidity they tend to lock away when investing in long-term bonds. 

The steady progression of maturing bonds during the portfolio’s time horizon allows investors to reinvest or spend the income they regularly receive from the bonds.

How bond ladders work

Unlike the bond barbell strategy, which forces a bond portfolio to be heavily weighed on both sides by investing only in short and long-term bonds, bond ladders ensure that the investor will earn income throughout the portfolio’s life.

For example, Phil sets aside $50,000 to build his 20-year bond portfolio. Phil can either buy $50,000 worth of 20-year bonds or employ the bond laddering strategy by purchasing a variety of bonds with different maturities.

If Phil uses the bond laddering strategy, he could divide his principal investment into five equal portions to invest in five different bonds. When the first bond matures, Phil could keep his earnings or reinvest it either in the next maturing bond or in a new bond with a different maturity. He can continue this process until his 20-year time horizon is up and his last bond matures.

The table below illustrates Phil’s portfolio, according to these three assumptions:

• Phil purchases bonds with annual payouts and holds them to maturity;
• Bond maturities are spread out over one, three, five, 10 and 20 years; and
• He redeems coupon payments instead of reinvesting them.

Principal = $10,000	1-year bond	3-year bond	5-year bond	10-year bond	20-year bond
Coupon rate	2%	3%	4%	5%	6%
Annual coupon payment	$200	$300	$400	$500	$600
Investment value upon maturity	$10,200 ($200 x 1)	$10,900 ($300 x 3)	$12,000 ($400 x 5)	$15,000 ($500 x 10)	$22,000 ($600 x 20)

 

From coupon payments alone, the laddering strategy would give Phil an income of $20,100 over a period of 20 years from his five different bonds. If Phil simply invested the full $50,000 in the 20-year bond, he would have earned only $12,000 ($600 x 20) when the bond matures after 20 years – an $8,100 difference!

Bond laddering isn’t for everyone

As shown above, the bond laddering strategy seems more beneficial than simply holding a long-term bond to maturity. However, interest rate movements can make the situation complicated. 

Ladders could also end in a loss or smaller income for any investor, especially those who aren’t well versed in the investment market. Hiring a professional to manage the bond ladder, on the other hand, triggers management fees that could make their gains smaller or negligible.

It’s best that investors speak to a licensed professional before applying any investment strategy to ensure that the strategy matches their objectives and risk appetite. Likewise, searching for alternative strategies for fixed income investments is also recommended.

Note: The figures in the examples above are for illustration purposes only and does not consider fees and taxes that may apply when investing in bonds.

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Learn the best strategies in investing and options like cryptocurrency, bonds, mutual funds, property and stock market." ["secure"]=> int(0) ["page_description"]=> string(7) "nestegg" ["page_rights"]=> NULL ["robots"]=> NULL ["access-view"]=> bool(true) } ["initialized":protected]=> bool(true) ["separator"]=> string(1) "." } ["displayDate"]=> string(19) "2018-08-29 04:45:32" ["slug"]=> string(28) "13709:what-is-bond-laddering" ["parent_slug"]=> string(16) "284:invest-money" ["catslug"]=> string(9) "287:bonds" ["event"]=> object(stdClass)#7911 (3) { ["afterDisplayTitle"]=> string(0) "" ["beforeDisplayContent"]=> string(129) "

Yes

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Bond laddering is a fixed income investment strategy that allows investors to decrease their exposure to interest rate risk over the long term.

Write comment (0 Comments) " ["jcfields"]=> array(9) { [1]=> object(stdClass)#7905 (32) { ["id"]=> string(1) "1" ["title"]=> string(17) "Automatic tagging" ["name"]=> string(17) "automatic-tagging" ["checked_out"]=> string(1) "0" ["checked_out_time"]=> string(19) "0000-00-00 00:00:00" ["note"]=> string(0) "" ["state"]=> string(1) "1" ["access"]=> string(1) "1" ["created_time"]=> string(19) "2018-08-29 05:26:30" ["created_user_id"]=> string(4) "2355" ["ordering"]=> string(2) "-1" ["language"]=> string(1) "*" ["fieldparams"]=> object(Joomla\Registry\Registry)#7648 (3) { ["data":protected]=> object(stdClass)#7662 (1) { ["options"]=> object(stdClass)#7660 (2) { ["options0"]=> object(stdClass)#7659 (2) { ["name"]=> string(3) "Yes" ["value"]=> string(1) "1" } ["options1"]=> object(stdClass)#7661 (2) { ["name"]=> string(2) "No" ["value"]=> string(1) "0" } } } ["initialized":protected]=> bool(true) ["separator"]=> string(1) "." } ["params"]=> object(Joomla\Registry\Registry)#7658 (3) { 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string(1) "2" } ["initialized":protected]=> bool(true) ["separator"]=> string(1) "." } ["type"]=> string(3) "url" ["default_value"]=> string(0) "" ["context"]=> string(19) "com_content.article" ["group_id"]=> string(1) "3" ["label"]=> string(17) "First article URL" ["description"]=> string(0) "" ["required"]=> string(1) "0" ["language_title"]=> NULL ["language_image"]=> NULL ["editor"]=> NULL ["access_level"]=> string(6) "Public" ["author_name"]=> string(18) "Jeremiah Sebastian" ["group_title"]=> string(16) "Related Articles" ["group_access"]=> string(1) "1" ["group_state"]=> string(1) "1" ["group_note"]=> string(0) "" ["value"]=> string(0) "" ["rawvalue"]=> string(0) "" } [8]=> object(stdClass)#7906 (32) { ["id"]=> string(1) "8" ["title"]=> string(18) "Second article URL" ["name"]=> string(18) "second-article-url" ["checked_out"]=> string(1) "0" ["checked_out_time"]=> string(19) "0000-00-00 00:00:00" ["note"]=> string(0) "" ["state"]=> string(1) "1" ["access"]=> string(1) "1" 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"Second article URL" ["description"]=> string(0) "" ["required"]=> string(1) "0" ["language_title"]=> NULL ["language_image"]=> NULL ["editor"]=> NULL ["access_level"]=> string(6) "Public" ["author_name"]=> string(18) "Jeremiah Sebastian" ["group_title"]=> string(16) "Related Articles" ["group_access"]=> string(1) "1" ["group_state"]=> string(1) "1" ["group_note"]=> string(0) "" ["value"]=> string(0) "" ["rawvalue"]=> string(0) "" } [9]=> object(stdClass)#7903 (32) { ["id"]=> string(1) "9" ["title"]=> string(17) "Third article URL" ["name"]=> string(17) "third-article-url" ["checked_out"]=> string(1) "0" ["checked_out_time"]=> string(19) "0000-00-00 00:00:00" ["note"]=> string(0) "" ["state"]=> string(1) "1" ["access"]=> string(1) "1" ["created_time"]=> string(19) "2020-07-08 05:42:42" ["created_user_id"]=> string(4) "2351" ["ordering"]=> string(1) "0" ["language"]=> string(1) "*" ["fieldparams"]=> object(Joomla\Registry\Registry)#7671 (3) { ["data":protected]=> object(stdClass)#7674 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string(16) "Related Articles" ["group_access"]=> string(1) "1" ["group_state"]=> string(1) "1" ["group_note"]=> string(0) "" ["value"]=> string(0) "" ["rawvalue"]=> string(0) "" } [4]=> object(stdClass)#7907 (32) { ["id"]=> string(1) "4" ["title"]=> string(9) "Video URL" ["name"]=> string(9) "video-url" ["checked_out"]=> string(1) "0" ["checked_out_time"]=> string(19) "0000-00-00 00:00:00" ["note"]=> string(0) "" ["state"]=> string(1) "1" ["access"]=> string(1) "1" ["created_time"]=> string(19) "2020-06-19 05:54:21" ["created_user_id"]=> string(4) "2351" ["ordering"]=> string(1) "1" ["language"]=> string(1) "*" ["fieldparams"]=> object(Joomla\Registry\Registry)#7675 (3) { ["data":protected]=> object(stdClass)#7678 (2) { ["filter"]=> string(0) "" ["maxlength"]=> string(0) "" } ["initialized":protected]=> bool(true) ["separator"]=> string(1) "." } ["params"]=> object(Joomla\Registry\Registry)#7677 (3) { ["data":protected]=> object(stdClass)#7680 (10) { ["hint"]=> string(0) "" ["class"]=> string(0) "" ["label_class"]=> string(0) "" ["show_on"]=> string(1) "2" ["render_class"]=> string(0) "" ["showlabel"]=> string(1) "1" ["label_render_class"]=> string(0) "" ["display"]=> string(1) "2" ["layout"]=> string(0) "" ["display_readonly"]=> string(1) "2" } ["initialized":protected]=> bool(true) ["separator"]=> string(1) "." } ["type"]=> string(4) "text" ["default_value"]=> string(0) "" ["context"]=> string(19) "com_content.article" ["group_id"]=> string(1) "2" ["label"]=> string(9) "Video URL" ["description"]=> string(0) "" ["required"]=> string(1) "0" ["language_title"]=> NULL ["language_image"]=> NULL ["editor"]=> NULL ["access_level"]=> string(6) "Public" ["author_name"]=> string(18) "Jeremiah Sebastian" ["group_title"]=> string(22) "Summary points + video" ["group_access"]=> string(1) "1" ["group_state"]=> string(1) "1" ["group_note"]=> string(0) "" ["value"]=> string(0) "" ["rawvalue"]=> string(0) "" } [6]=> object(stdClass)#7898 (32) { ["id"]=> string(1) "6" ["title"]=> string(33) "Image Caption / Video description" ["name"]=> string(31) "image-caption-video-description" ["checked_out"]=> string(1) "0" ["checked_out_time"]=> string(19) "0000-00-00 00:00:00" ["note"]=> string(0) "" ["state"]=> string(1) "1" ["access"]=> string(1) "1" ["created_time"]=> string(19) "2020-06-25 16:29:55" ["created_user_id"]=> string(4) "2351" ["ordering"]=> string(1) "2" ["language"]=> string(1) "*" ["fieldparams"]=> object(Joomla\Registry\Registry)#7679 (3) { ["data":protected]=> object(stdClass)#7682 (2) { ["filter"]=> string(0) "" ["maxlength"]=> string(0) "" } ["initialized":protected]=> bool(true) ["separator"]=> string(1) "." } ["params"]=> object(Joomla\Registry\Registry)#7681 (3) { ["data":protected]=> object(stdClass)#7684 (10) { ["hint"]=> string(0) "" ["class"]=> string(0) "" ["label_class"]=> string(0) "" ["show_on"]=> string(0) "" ["render_class"]=> string(0) "" ["showlabel"]=> string(1) "1" ["label_render_class"]=> string(0) "" ["display"]=> string(1) "2" ["layout"]=> string(0) "" ["display_readonly"]=> string(1) "2" } ["initialized":protected]=> bool(true) ["separator"]=> string(1) "." } ["type"]=> string(4) "text" ["default_value"]=> string(0) "" ["context"]=> string(19) "com_content.article" ["group_id"]=> string(1) "2" ["label"]=> string(33) "Image Caption / Video description" ["description"]=> string(0) "" ["required"]=> string(1) "0" ["language_title"]=> NULL ["language_image"]=> NULL ["editor"]=> NULL ["access_level"]=> string(6) "Public" ["author_name"]=> string(18) "Jeremiah Sebastian" ["group_title"]=> string(22) "Summary points + video" ["group_access"]=> string(1) "1" ["group_state"]=> string(1) "1" ["group_note"]=> string(0) "" ["value"]=> string(0) "" ["rawvalue"]=> string(0) "" } [3]=> object(stdClass)#7899 (32) { ["id"]=> string(1) "3" ["title"]=> string(6) "Status" ["name"]=> string(6) "status" ["checked_out"]=> string(1) "0" ["checked_out_time"]=> string(19) "0000-00-00 00:00:00" ["note"]=> string(0) "" ["state"]=> string(1) "1" ["access"]=> string(1) "1" ["created_time"]=> string(19) "2020-06-20 01:45:26" ["created_user_id"]=> string(4) "2351" ["ordering"]=> string(1) "3" ["language"]=> string(1) "*" ["fieldparams"]=> object(Joomla\Registry\Registry)#7683 (3) { ["data":protected]=> object(stdClass)#7689 (1) { ["options"]=> object(stdClass)#7687 (2) { ["options0"]=> object(stdClass)#7686 (2) { ["name"]=> string(8) "Inactive" ["value"]=> string(1) "0" } ["options1"]=> object(stdClass)#7688 (2) { ["name"]=> string(6) "Active" ["value"]=> string(1) "1" } } } ["initialized":protected]=> bool(true) ["separator"]=> string(1) "." } ["params"]=> object(Joomla\Registry\Registry)#7685 (3) { ["data":protected]=> object(stdClass)#7691 (10) { ["hint"]=> string(0) "" ["class"]=> string(9) "btn-group" ["label_class"]=> string(0) "" ["show_on"]=> string(0) "" ["render_class"]=> string(0) "" ["showlabel"]=> string(1) "1" ["label_render_class"]=> string(0) "" ["display"]=> string(1) "2" ["layout"]=> string(0) "" ["display_readonly"]=> string(1) "2" } ["initialized":protected]=> bool(true) ["separator"]=> string(1) "." } ["type"]=> string(5) "radio" ["default_value"]=> string(0) "" ["context"]=> string(19) "com_content.article" ["group_id"]=> string(1) "2" ["label"]=> string(6) "Status" ["description"]=> string(0) "" ["required"]=> string(1) "0" ["language_title"]=> NULL ["language_image"]=> NULL ["editor"]=> NULL ["access_level"]=> string(6) "Public" ["author_name"]=> string(18) "Jeremiah Sebastian" ["group_title"]=> string(22) "Summary points + video" ["group_access"]=> string(1) "1" ["group_state"]=> string(1) "1" ["group_note"]=> string(0) "" ["value"]=> string(0) "" ["rawvalue"]=> string(0) "" } [5]=> object(stdClass)#7912 (32) { ["id"]=> string(1) "5" ["title"]=> string(22) " Essential information" ["name"]=> string(21) "essential-information" ["checked_out"]=> string(1) "0" ["checked_out_time"]=> string(19) "0000-00-00 00:00:00" ["note"]=> string(0) "" ["state"]=> string(1) "1" ["access"]=> string(1) "1" ["created_time"]=> string(19) "2020-06-25 06:10:20" ["created_user_id"]=> string(4) "2351" ["ordering"]=> string(1) "4" ["language"]=> string(1) "*" ["fieldparams"]=> object(Joomla\Registry\Registry)#7690 (3) { ["data":protected]=> object(stdClass)#7693 (4) { ["buttons"]=> string(0) "" ["width"]=> string(0) "" ["height"]=> string(0) "" ["filter"]=> string(0) "" } ["initialized":protected]=> bool(true) ["separator"]=> string(1) "." } ["params"]=> object(Joomla\Registry\Registry)#7692 (3) { ["data":protected]=> object(stdClass)#7695 (10) { ["hint"]=> string(0) "" ["class"]=> string(0) "" ["label_class"]=> string(0) "" ["show_on"]=> string(0) "" ["render_class"]=> string(0) "" ["showlabel"]=> string(1) "1" ["label_render_class"]=> string(0) "" ["display"]=> string(1) "2" ["layout"]=> string(0) "" ["display_readonly"]=> string(1) "2" } ["initialized":protected]=> bool(true) ["separator"]=> string(1) "." } ["type"]=> string(6) "editor" ["default_value"]=> string(0) "" ["context"]=> string(19) "com_content.article" ["group_id"]=> string(1) "2" ["label"]=> string(22) " Essential information" ["description"]=> string(35) "3 points that summarize the article" ["required"]=> string(1) "0" ["language_title"]=> NULL ["language_image"]=> NULL ["editor"]=> NULL ["access_level"]=> string(6) "Public" ["author_name"]=> string(18) "Jeremiah Sebastian" ["group_title"]=> string(22) "Summary points + video" ["group_access"]=> string(1) "1" ["group_state"]=> string(1) "1" ["group_note"]=> string(0) "" ["value"]=> string(0) "" ["rawvalue"]=> string(0) "" } [2]=> object(stdClass)#7913 (32) { ["id"]=> string(1) "2" ["title"]=> string(14) "Embedded Video" ["name"]=> string(14) "embedded-video" ["checked_out"]=> string(1) "0" ["checked_out_time"]=> string(19) "0000-00-00 00:00:00" ["note"]=> string(0) "" ["state"]=> string(1) "1" ["access"]=> string(1) "1" ["created_time"]=> string(19) "2020-06-20 01:43:32" ["created_user_id"]=> string(4) "2351" ["ordering"]=> string(1) "5" ["language"]=> string(1) "*" ["fieldparams"]=> object(Joomla\Registry\Registry)#7694 (3) { ["data":protected]=> object(stdClass)#7697 (4) { ["buttons"]=> string(0) "" ["width"]=> string(0) "" ["height"]=> string(0) "" ["filter"]=> string(0) "" } ["initialized":protected]=> bool(true) ["separator"]=> string(1) "." } ["params"]=> object(Joomla\Registry\Registry)#7696 (3) { ["data":protected]=> object(stdClass)#7699 (10) { ["hint"]=> string(29) "Paste your embedded code here" ["class"]=> string(0) "" ["label_class"]=> string(0) "" ["show_on"]=> string(1) "2" ["render_class"]=> string(0) "" ["showlabel"]=> string(1) "1" ["label_render_class"]=> string(0) "" ["display"]=> string(1) "2" ["layout"]=> string(0) "" ["display_readonly"]=> string(1) "2" } ["initialized":protected]=> bool(true) ["separator"]=> string(1) "." } ["type"]=> string(6) "editor" ["default_value"]=> string(0) "" ["context"]=> string(19) "com_content.article" ["group_id"]=> string(1) "2" ["label"]=> string(14) "Embedded Video" ["description"]=> string(0) "" ["required"]=> string(1) "0" ["language_title"]=> NULL ["language_image"]=> NULL ["editor"]=> NULL ["access_level"]=> string(6) "Public" ["author_name"]=> string(18) "Jeremiah Sebastian" ["group_title"]=> string(22) "Summary points + video" ["group_access"]=> string(1) "1" ["group_state"]=> string(1) "1" ["group_note"]=> string(0) "" ["value"]=> string(0) "" ["rawvalue"]=> string(0) "" } } ["link"]=> string(42) "/invest-money/bonds/what-is-bond-laddering" ["image"]=> string(42) "images/article-826x550/income-bonds-ne.jpg" ["image_alt"]=> string(14) "Bond laddering" } }